Gen Z is not practicising safe sex and WHO is worried

The World Health Organization has sounded the alarm over a concerning decline in condom use among adolescents, warning of potential consequences such as rising STI rates and increased healthcare costs.

A recent study revealed that nearly one-third of 15-year-olds were not using condoms or contraceptive pills during their last sexual encounter. Even among those who did use contraception, condoms were less popular than pills. The rate of condom use among sexually active adolescents has plummeted over the past decade.

Repeated unprotected sex can have several long-term health implications that affect not only physical health but also emotional and social well-being. According to Dr Ridhi Bajaj, Consultant – Obstetrics & Gynaecology at the CK Birla Hospital in Delhi, engaging in unprotected sex frequently exposes individuals to significant risks, which can accumulate over time. Below is a breakdown of the potential health consequences:

1. Increased Risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

One of the most pressing concerns related to frequent unprotected sex is the heightened risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Untreated STIs can lead to chronic infections and long-term health complications.

• Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: In women, these infections can cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can lead to infertility and chronic pelvic pain. In men, these infections may lead to epididymitis, an inflammation of the epididymis, which can also affect fertility.
• Herpes: This virus can cause recurrent outbreaks, leading to persistent discomfort and psychological stress due to its chronic nature.
• HIV: Frequent unprotected sex increases the risk of contracting HIV. Without treatment, HIV can progress to AIDS, severely compromising the immune system and shortening life expectancy.
• Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Certain strains of HPV can cause various cancers, including cervical cancer in women and throat cancer in both men and women.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the major causes of cervical cancer among women (Source: Getty Images/Thinkstock)

2. Long-Term Impact of Unplanned Pregnancies

Unprotected sex also increases the likelihood of unintended pregnancies, which come with their own set of health, emotional, and social challenges.

• Health Complications: Unplanned pregnancies can lead to health issues such as gestational diabetes and preeclampsia, both of which can have lasting effects on a woman’s health. Postpartum complications may also arise, influencing long-term well-being.
• Emotional and Psychological Stress: Unplanned pregnancies can trigger anxiety, emotional distress, and significant mental health challenges, particularly when pregnancy wasn’t part of one’s life plans.
• Financial and Social Impact: Raising a child or managing pregnancy-related costs can lead to financial burdens, affecting career opportunities, education, and overall life trajectory.

3. Physical Health Issues

Frequent unprotected sex can lead to physical discomfort and an increased susceptibility to infections.

• Genital Irritation: Continuous unprotected intercourse can result in genital irritation, soreness, and inflammation. This discomfort can heighten the risk of secondary infections.
• Infections: Minor infections from irritation can escalate into more severe health problems, such as persistent urinary tract infections (UTIs) or vaginal infections in women.

How can you protect yourself from these risks?

Consistent use of condoms and other contraceptives is essential for preventing STIs and unintended pregnancies, according to Dr Bajaj. Regular STI screenings and healthcare visits are crucial for early detection and management of sexual health.

Open communication with sexual partners and understanding sexual health risks are vital for making informed decisions. Understanding the consequences and taking steps to protect your health is essential for maintaining overall well-being.

DISCLAIMER: This article is based on information from the public domain and/or the experts we spoke to. Always consult your health practitioner before starting any routine.

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