Author says pineapple is the ‘Fahadh Faasil of the fruit world’; here’s why

The pineapple, a fruit beloved for its sweet and tangy flavour, harbors a fascinating history and an array of surprising biological defenses. 

Author Krish Ashok in his recent video shed light on the intriguing aspects of this tropical fruit, jokingly describing it as “the Fahadh Faasil of the fruit world” with more layers than one might initially appreciate. 

Originating in Brazil, the pineapple was introduced to the rest of the world by Spanish and Portuguese explorers, carrying with it a name that remarkably remained consistent across numerous languages.

“If there is one fruit whose history, cultural significance, and food science will blow your mind with the intensity of a high-yield thermonuclear weapon, it’s the pineapple,” Ashok captions the post.

 

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Historical journey of the pineapple and its significance in India

Kanikka Malhotra, consultant dietician and certified diabetes educator, explains, “Cultivated for centuries by the Guarani people of Brazil and Paraguay, the pineapple, known to them as ‘nana’ or ‘excellent fruit,’ embarked on a global adventure. Christopher Columbus’ encounter in 1493 sparked European fascination, transforming the pineapple into a symbol of wealth and exploration despite the challenges of growing it in colder climates.” 

However, the Portuguese, with their colonial network, she says, played a pivotal role in bringing this tropical treasure to India around the 16th century. “Thriving in India’s warm embrace, the pineapple not only became a delicious addition to the national diet, but also a significant source of vitamins, minerals, and digestive enzymes.

Primary evolutionary advantages of the pineapple’s various defense mechanism

The pineapple’s serrated leaves, spiky skin, and presence of calcium oxalate crystals all serve as adaptations to deter herbivory (being eaten by animals), says Malhotra. These mechanisms work in concert to provide a multi-layered defense strategy:

Serrated leaves and spiky skin: These physical barriers act as the first line of defense. The sharp edges of the leaves and the spiky protuberances on the fruit’s skin make it difficult and potentially painful for herbivores to consume the plant.  In addition to physical deterrence, the serrations may also inflict wounds that act as entry points for pathogens, further discouraging herbivory.

Spiky skin: The spiky protuberances on the fruit, particularly concentrated at the crown, offer a significant deterrent to seed dispersal by frugivorous animals (those that eat fruits). This ensures the fruit remains attached to the plant until its seeds are fully mature, maximizing the chance of successful dispersal by wind or other means.

Calcium oxalate crystals: These microscopic crystals act as a chemical deterrent. When ingested, these crystals irritate the digestive tract of herbivores, causing discomfort and potentially leading to vomiting or diarrhoea. These crystals are particularly effective against insects with chewing mouthparts. The irritation they cause disrupts feeding and can even be lethal to smaller insects.

The amount of bromelain in a typical serving of pineapple is insufficient to cause any noticeable breakdown of collagen in human tissue (Source: Freepik)

Do pineapples eat human flesh?

Malhotra reveals, “While bromelain, the enzyme found in pineapples, effectively tenderises meat, it can have a similar effect on human flesh in very high concentrations. This is because our skin and some internal tissues also contain collagen.” 

However, there’s no need to worry during normal consumption because when you eat pineapple, “the bromelain concentration and contact time with your mouth are minimal.” The digestive enzymes in your stomach further break down the bromelain, rendering it largely inactive by the time it reaches your intestines. 

Furthermore, the amount of bromelain in a typical serving of pineapple is insufficient to cause any noticeable breakdown of collagen in human tissue. 

Nutritional content of pineapples

According to Malhotra, “Pineapples’ two-year growth period has a subtle influence on their nutritional content. The extended time allows sugars to accumulate, leading to a sweeter taste and potentially a slight increase in overall carbohydrates.” 

Additionally, as the fruit matures, water content may decrease, concentrating some vitamins and minerals even though total amounts might not change significantly. However, this extended growth can also lead to a minor decrease in vitamin C and some volatile aroma compounds. 

Overall, the impact is fairly balanced, Malhotra shares. “Careful harvest timing and proper storage practices help ensure pineapples reach you with a delicious and nutritious profile despite their lengthy growing cycle.”

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