Know all about the newly-developed needle-free Covid vaccine

A breakthrough in COVID-19 vaccination technology has been achieved by Indian Immunologicals Ltd (IIL) in collaboration with Griffith University, Australia — they have developed a live-attenuated needle-free intranasal booster vaccine targeting SARS-CoV-2.

This innovative vaccine utilises codon deoptimization technology, a promising approach in vaccine development. The intranasal delivery method offers a convenient and non-invasive way to administer the vaccine, potentially increasing vaccination rates and protecting more individuals.

“This accomplishment signifies a major step forward in our battle against COVID-19. The development of this vaccine not only highlights our dedication to innovation in public health but also demonstrates the company’s capability in adopting novel technology,” K Anand Kumar, IIL MD, said in a statement.

By facilitating non-invasive immunisation, IIL aims to enhance vaccination rates, ultimately safeguarding more individuals and communities, he added.

As per the Hyderabad-based firm, COVID-19 is still a cause of around 1,700 deaths a week around the world.

We talked to Dr Manisha Arora, Director of Internal Medicine at CK Birla Hospital, who explained how this technology is designed to offer both mucosal and systemic immunity, enhancing the body’s overall protection.

How does the needle-free vaccine work?

The new vaccine is developed using a technique known as codon de-optimisation. This method involves modifying the virus in such a way that it mimics a natural infection without causing harm. By doing so, Dr Arora explained the vaccine triggers the body to produce a strong, broad-spectrum neutralising antibody response, similar to how the immune system reacts to actual viral exposure. This live attenuated approach makes the vaccine highly effective in generating immunity.

While traditional injectable vaccines remain highly effective, the needle-free COVID-19 vaccine offers a promising alternative that could expand vaccination coverage, particularly in populations hesitant to receive injections. (File/ Representational Photo)

Needle-free administration: What makes it unique?

Unlike traditional vaccines that are administered via injection, this intranasal vaccine is delivered through the nose. This method eliminates the need for needles, making it a more comfortable and patient-friendly option, especially for those who have a fear of injections.

According to Dr Arora, the vaccine has shown promising safety and stability in both animal and human studies, but clinical trials are ongoing to confirm its efficacy for broader use. Its potential for providing widespread protection with minimal discomfort is a key advantage.

By focusing on mucosal immunity, the vaccine helps prevent the virus from establishing an infection at its entry point, the nasal passages. This localised immune response could offer protection for up to a year with just one dose. For people who are needle-averse or in situations where mass immunization is necessary, this could represent a major breakthrough.

While traditional injectable vaccines remain highly effective, the needle-free COVID-19 vaccine offers a promising alternative that could expand vaccination coverage, particularly in populations hesitant to receive injections.

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