Does this hack involving alternating hot and cold compresses relieve headache?

Headaches can be debilitating, disrupting our daily routines and productivity. While over-the-counter medications can provide relief, they may not always be readily available or suitable for everyone. 

Dr Jason Singh, a healthcare professional, introduces a hack that he claims can give you relief from headaches. He explains the method, “You want to grab two rags or short towels for this. One needs to be cold to run it over cold water, the other over hot water, and then you wring them both. At the same time put the cold rag over your forehead to constrict your blood vessels and reduce inflammation, while the hot rag goes right behind your neck to improve blood flow and relax the muscles. Keep them on for about 5-7 minutes at the same time.”

 

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But, does this work?

Dr Shiva Kumar R, head of the department and senior consultant in Neurology and  Epileptology at Manipal Hospitals, Sarjapur Road, Bengaluru, says, “The use of hot and cold compresses leverages the physiological responses of vasoconstriction and vasodilation.”

When a cold compress is applied to the forehead, it causes vasoconstriction, he states, which narrows blood vessels, reducing blood flow and subsequently decreasing inflammation and pain in the head region. This is particularly useful in conditions where inflammation is a major component of the headache. 

Conversely, applying a hot compress to the neck induces vasodilation, which increases blood flow and relaxes tense muscles. This can alleviate muscle tension headaches by reducing muscle tightness and improving circulation. 

Specific types of headaches that this method is particularly effective or ineffective 

The efficacy of this method can vary based on the type of headache, according to Dr Singh:

Tension Headaches: These headaches are often caused by muscle tension in the neck and shoulders. The heat helps relax these muscles, while the cold reduces inflammation and pain in the head.

Migraines: Migraines are complex and may respond differently to hot and cold therapies. Cold compresses can help by numbing the pain and reducing inflammation, but heat may not always be beneficial. 

Cluster Headaches: Cluster headaches typically require more specific treatments such as oxygen therapy. The hot and cold compress method may offer limited relief for these types of headaches due to their unique pathophysiology.

Individuals with sensitive skin or dermatological conditions like rosacea may find extreme temperatures uncomfortable or irritating. (Source: Freepik)

Can this method be safely used by everyone?

While generally considered safe, Dr Singh says, certain conditions necessitate caution:

Skin Sensitivity: Individuals with sensitive skin or dermatological conditions like rosacea may find extreme temperatures uncomfortable or irritating. The risk of skin damage, such as frostbite or burns, should be considered.

Circulatory Problems: Those with circulatory disorders, including Raynaud’s phenomenon or severe cardiovascular conditions, should consult a healthcare provider before using heat or cold therapies. These conditions can be exacerbated by sudden changes in temperature.

Vulnerable Populations: Children and elderly individuals have more sensitive skin and should use milder temperatures to avoid burns or frostbite. Monitoring the duration and intensity of the application is crucial for these populations.

Comparison with other headache relief remedies

“When compared to other headache remedies, the alternating hot and cold compress method offers several advantages,” agrees Dr Singh. This method is non-invasive and has fewer side effects compared to medication.

Compresses can be easily made at home with common household items, he adds, making this method accessible and cost-effective. “While it may not be as fast-acting as some medications, many individuals find immediate comfort from the physical sensation of hot and cold compresses.”

However, for severe headaches, especially migraines, he stresses that prescription medications or other targeted therapies may be necessary.

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