First case of rare sexually transmitted form of ringworm emerges in the US; here’s why this is concerning

A rare and highly contagious fungal infection, spread through sexual contact, has recently emerged in New York City, raising concerns within the medical community. 

In a groundbreaking report published on Wednesday in the journal JAMA Dermatology, researchers from the Weill Cornell Medicine have documented the first known case of sexually transmitted ringworm in the United States. 

The case involves a man in his 30s who developed an extensive, itchy rash on his genitals, buttocks, and limbs after engaging in sexual encounters with multiple partners during his travels abroad. 

In a peer-reviewed news release by NYU Langone Health / NYU Grossman School Of Medicine, it is mentioned, “Genetic tests of fungal samples collected from the patient’s rashes revealed that the infection was caused by the species Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII (TMVII). This sexually transmitted form of ringworm has been increasingly diagnosed throughout Europe, with 13 instances reported in France in 2023, mostly in men who have sex with men. Notably, the man in the current study said he had sex with multiple male partners during his travels, none of whom reported similar skin issues.”

This alarming discovery has shed light on the potential risks associated with this little-known fungal pathogen and the importance of vigilance and prompt medical attention in combating the spread of emerging infectious diseases.

Symptoms of Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII infection

“The typical symptoms of Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII infection, a rare sexually transmitted fungal infection, include red, itchy, and scaly rashes often mistaken for other skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis,” explains Dr Vinutha G senior consultant gynecologist and deputy medical director at Athreya Hospital. 

The rash, she states, can appear in the genital area, thighs, buttocks, and other parts of the body involved in sexual contact. “Unlike common ringworm that forms distinct ring-like patterns, this infection may present with more diffuse and less defined rashes, making it harder to identify without proper medical evaluation.”

Modes of transmission and precautions to take

Dr Vinutha informs that Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII is primarily transmitted through “direct skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity”. However, it can also spread through indirect contact with contaminated surfaces such as bedding, towels, or clothing. 

The typical symptoms of Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII infection, a rare sexually transmitted fungal infection, include red, itchy, and scaly rashes. (Source: Freepik)

To reduce the risk of contracting this fungus, she advises individuals should practice safe sex, avoid sharing personal items, and maintain good hygiene. Washing hands thoroughly and disinfecting shared surfaces can also help prevent the spread .

Treatment options and steps to take if exposed

Dr Vinutha shares, “Current treatment options for Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII include antifungal medications like terbinafine and itraconazole. However, this particular strain has shown resistance to common treatments, making it crucial for affected individuals to seek medical advice promptly.” 

If you suspect exposure, she suggests consulting a healthcare provider immediately for proper diagnosis and treatment. “Persistent or worsening symptoms despite initial treatment may require a combination of antifungal therapies or longer treatment durations,” she adds. 

At-risk populations and preventive measures

Certain populations are at higher risk of contracting Trichophyton mentagrophytes type VII, Dr Vinutha agrees, including men who have sex with men and individuals with multiple sexual partners. “People with weakened immune systems are also more susceptible to severe infections.” 

Preventive measures for these groups include regular screening for sexually transmitted infections, using condoms during sexual activity, and avoiding sexual contact with infected individuals until they have completed treatment. Educating at-risk populations about the symptoms and transmission routes can also help reduce the incidence of this infection.

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